[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":59},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-105170-arch_construction-46":3},{"question":4,"neighbors":24,"sameNumber":43,"prev":32,"next":35},{"id":5,"classKey":6,"session":7,"year":8,"subject":9,"number":10,"groupStem":11,"ownStem":12,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":15,"answerKind":17,"answerS":11,"answerNote":11,"images":18,"explanation":20,"withheld":11,"deepChars":21,"freq":22,"indexable":23},"arch-105170-801-0103-046","architect","105170",105,"建築構造與施工",46,null,"在合歡山寒冷地區建一棟二層樓遊客中心，外牆採清水磚造，下列圖示砌磚灰縫何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":14,"C":14,"D":14},"",[16],"C","single",[19],"\u002Fimages\u002Farch-105170-801-0103-046.png","本題考點：清水磚外牆的灰縫勾縫形式與耐候性，特別是寒冷地區雨水、融雪滲入灰縫後反覆凍融所造成的破壞。\n【正解理由】清水磚牆的灰縫直接暴露在外，勾縫形式決定雨水會「流走」還是「留下」。判斷要件有兩個：一是灰縫表面是否經過工具壓實、緻密而與上下磚緣密貼；二是縫形是否在磚的上緣留下可以積水的水平小平台。寒冷地區更要緊，因為積留在灰縫或磚緣的水結冰時體積膨脹，反覆凍融會把灰縫與磚角一層層剝落。依題圖，(C) 為「凹圓縫」：灰縫表面呈內凹的圓弧，是以圓形勾縫工具壓入成形，表面被擠壓緻密，弧面上下兩端與磚緣密貼，沒有任何水平平台，雨水沿弧面直接流出牆面，兩個要件都滿足，是耐候性最好的縫形之一。故選 C。\n【逐項排除】\n(A) 錯誤。圖示為方形內凹的「凹平縫」，灰縫表面整段縮進牆面，下方磚的上緣因此外露成一道水平小平台，雨水與融雪會積在平台上，再沿灰縫與磚的交界滲入；寒冷地區反覆凍融，磚角與灰縫容易崩裂。改成弧面壓實、不留平台的凹圓縫才符合需求。\n(B) 錯誤。圖示為灰縫突出牆面的「凸圓縫」，突出的灰漿本身上緣就是承水面，水會沿突出部與上方磚的交界積留滲入；突出部又是整面牆最先受風雨、碰撞與凍融攻擊的位置，容易剝落。灰縫應與牆面齊平或內凹成弧面，不宜突出。\n(C) 正確。凹圓縫經工具壓實，表面緻密，弧面與上下磚緣密貼，不形成水平平台，雨水順弧面排出，適合寒冷地區的清水磚外牆。\n(D) 錯誤。圖示灰縫上端與上方磚面齊平、往下斜向內縮，下方磚的上緣外露成承水的小平台，水沿斜面被導向灰縫與下方磚的交界處積留，與「上端內縮、下端齊平、斜面向外洩水」的斜縫方向正好相反；寒冷地區積水凍融同樣會造成剝裂。斜面方向改為上內下外，才能把水導出牆面。\n【記憶點】外牆灰縫看兩件事：有沒有壓實、有沒有在磚上緣留下平台；凹圓縫兩項都過關，凹平縫與反向斜縫留平台，凸縫自己就是平台。",634,1,true,[25,28,31,34,37,40],{"number":26,"session":7,"stem":27},43,"反循環基樁較不適用於下列何種地層？",{"number":29,"session":7,"stem":30},44,"下列何者與基盤調查之目的無關？",{"number":32,"session":7,"stem":33},45,"下列何種工程災害是在軟弱黏土層實施基礎開挖施工時，最可能發生的現象？",{"number":35,"session":7,"stem":36},47,"有關石材覆面的外牆乾式工法的敍述，下列何者錯誤？",{"number":38,"session":7,"stem":39},48,"有關地上結構體安全應注意事項，下列何者與地下室逆打工法無直接關係？",{"number":41,"session":7,"stem":42},49,"模板施工時，脫模劑之適當使用時機為何？",[44,47,50,53,56],{"number":10,"session":45,"stem":46},"114180","基礎工法中，有關預力混凝土樁（P.C 樁）與一般離心式鋼筋混凝土樁（R.C 樁）之比…",{"number":10,"session":48,"stem":49},"113190","鋼構造之高強度螺栓施工安裝，下列何項描述錯誤？",{"number":10,"session":51,"stem":52},"112190","依營造安全衛生設施標準規定，對於施工構臺應辦理項目，下列敘述何者錯誤？",{"number":10,"session":54,"stem":55},"111180","依據 CNS12642 公共兒童遊戲場設備適用範圍之規定，其使用者年齡範圍為：",{"number":10,"session":57,"stem":58},"110180","下列何者不是「高性能節能玻璃綠建材」規範範圍？",1791863214692]