[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":61},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-105170-arch_environment-29":3},{"question":4,"neighbors":26,"sameNumber":45,"prev":34,"next":37},{"id":5,"classKey":6,"session":7,"year":8,"subject":9,"number":10,"groupStem":11,"ownStem":12,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerKind":20,"answerS":11,"answerNote":11,"images":21,"explanation":22,"withheld":11,"deepChars":23,"freq":24,"indexable":25},"arch-105170-801-0104-029","architect","105170",105,"建築環境控制",29,null,"一般中央空調系統的主機熱源耗能約占全部空調系統耗能的比率為何？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"33%","45%","60%","80%",[19],"C","single",[],"本題考點：中央空調系統各組成設備的耗能分配，也就是冰水主機（熱源設備）、水側輸送設備（冰水泵、冷卻水泵、冷卻水塔）與空氣側送風設備（空調箱、風機盤管的風機）在整體空調耗電中各占多少的概念。\n【正解理由】先看能量怎麼流：室內的熱由空調箱或風機盤管交給冰水，冰水泵把回水送回冰水主機，主機以壓縮機做功，把熱從低溫的冰水側「搬」到高溫的冷卻水側，再由冷卻水泵送到冷卻水塔排入大氣。整條鏈上，只有主機在做「逆著溫度差搬運熱量」的功，泵浦與風機只負責克服管路、風管的流動阻力，耗電量級明顯較小。因此主機熱源設備是空調耗能的最大宗，一般中央空調系統概估約占 60%，其餘由送風系統與水側輸送設備分擔。這也是空調節能把提高主機效率視為效益最大手段的原因。故選 C。\n【逐項排除】\n(A) 33%：低估主機比重。這個比例會讓主機與泵浦、風機等輸送設備落在相近的量級，等於把「搬運熱量」與「只輸送流體」的耗功看成差不多，與壓縮式冷凍以壓縮機為主要耗電來源的原理不符；主機熱源的占比應修正為約 60%，故不符題目所問。\n(B) 45%：仍然偏低。45% 代表主機耗能還不及其餘設備的合計，等於把冰水泵、冷卻水泵、冷卻水塔與空調箱風機合起來看成比主機更耗電的一方；實際上主機單項就超過其他設備的總和，正確數值應為約 60%，故不符題目所問。\n(C) 60%：符合一般中央空調系統的耗能結構。主機以壓縮機（或吸收式機組的加熱）驅動冷凍循環，是唯一負責把熱量由低溫處移往高溫處的設備，耗能最大；其餘由送風與水側輸送設備分擔。符合題目所問。\n(D) 80%：高估主機比重。若主機占到 80%，泵浦、冷卻水塔與空調箱風機合計只剩很小的份額，忽略了輸送設備運轉時數長、在主機部分負載時仍常以定流量、定風量持續運轉所累積的耗電；主機熱源的占比應修正為約 60%，故不符題目所問。\n【記憶點】中央空調耗能「主機最大、約 60%」，其餘才是送風與水側輸送設備；節能先抓主機效率，再談變頻泵浦與變風量送風。",708,1,true,[27,30,33,36,39,42],{"number":28,"session":7,"stem":29},26,"欲設計一大型恆溫恆濕空間，空調應採用下列何種系統才容易達成目標？",{"number":31,"session":7,"stem":32},27,"下列何者不是空調箱內部的構成組件？",{"number":34,"session":7,"stem":35},28,"下列何種建築材料的熱傳導係數最低？",{"number":37,"session":7,"stem":38},30,"空調冷凍原理，有關吸收式冷凍循環之敘述，下列何者正確？",{"number":40,"session":7,"stem":41},31,"下列何者不是燈源效率之考量因子？",{"number":43,"session":7,"stem":44},32,"根據國際分類，照明器具之配光方式可依其向上光通量與向下光通量的百分比來區分，下列何者…",[46,49,52,55,58],{"number":10,"session":47,"stem":48},"114180","關於建築物類型與其合理的空調容量（m2\u002FUSRT），下列何者最不合理？",{"number":10,"session":50,"stem":51},"113190","某棟 3 層樓透天住宅規劃熱水設備時，基於節能減碳下列那一項不是優先考量的重點？",{"number":10,"session":53,"stem":54},"112190","依據 2019 年版綠建築標章的日常節能指標，空調系統節能之評估不包括下列何項目？",{"number":10,"session":56,"stem":57},"111180","計算冷房負荷（Cooling Load）時，下列何者包含顯熱與潛熱？",{"number":10,"session":59,"stem":60},"110180","下列有關輻射冷暖房的說明何者錯誤？",1791863214291]