[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":61},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-106180-arch_construction-47":3},{"question":4,"neighbors":26,"sameNumber":45,"prev":34,"next":37},{"id":5,"classKey":6,"session":7,"year":8,"subject":9,"number":10,"groupStem":11,"ownStem":12,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerKind":20,"answerS":11,"answerNote":11,"images":21,"explanation":22,"withheld":11,"deepChars":23,"freq":24,"indexable":25},"arch-106180-801-0103-047","architect","106180",106,"建築構造與施工",47,null,"普通混凝土施工時，有關澆置完成表面之處理，下列敘述何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"原樣保持乾燥，以免混凝土受水分影響","搗實且保持乾燥","搗實且灑水越多越好","搗實且潤濕即可",[19],"D","single",[],"本題考點：普通混凝土澆置後的表面處理與初期養護——先充分搗實排除氣泡、再墁平修飾，之後保持表面潤濕，讓水泥持續水化，但不可過量灑水沖刷表面。\n【正解理由】混凝土澆置完成後要處理兩件事。第一是密實：澆置後須以振動或搗棒充分搗實，排除夾帶的空氣、讓漿體填滿鋼筋與模板間隙，墁平作業應於混凝土經充分搗實後方可進行，若發現搗實未充分之處，應加強搗實後再予墁平（《結構混凝土施工規範》第 9.4.10 節）。第二是保濕：水泥與水的水化反應需要持續有水，若表面水分在初期快速蒸發，表層會因水化不足而強度偏低，並因乾縮產生塑性收縮裂縫；因此表面需以灑水、覆蓋濕麻布或養護膜等方式維持潤濕。但潤濕的重點是「保持濕潤」，不是「水量愈多愈好」，過量灑水會沖走表面尚未凝結的水泥漿、讓表層水灰比升高，造成起砂與表面劣化。綜合兩點，搗實且潤濕才是正確處理。故選 D。\n【逐項排除】\n(A) 原樣保持乾燥，以免混凝土受水分影響：敘述錯誤，錯在兩處。一是「原樣」等於不做搗實，混凝土內部會留下孔隙與蜂窩，應先充分搗實（《結構混凝土施工規範》第 9.4.10 節）；二是「保持乾燥」違反水化需要水分的原理，表面乾燥會造成水化不足與收縮裂縫，應改為保持潤濕。\n(B) 搗實且保持乾燥：敘述錯誤。搗實的部分正確（《結構混凝土施工規範》第 9.4.10 節），但「保持乾燥」錯誤：混凝土澆置後的初期最需要水分維持水化，乾燥會使表層強度與耐久性下降並產生乾縮裂縫，應改為保持潤濕。\n(C) 搗實且灑水越多越好：敘述錯誤。搗實正確，但「越多越好」錯誤：在混凝土尚未凝結前大量灑水，會沖刷表面水泥漿、使表層水灰比增加，造成起砂、粉化與強度降低；正確做法是適量保持潤濕，不使表面積水或被沖刷。\n(D) 搗實且潤濕即可：敘述正確。先充分搗實使混凝土密實，再維持表面潤濕使水泥持續水化，兩者兼顧，正是澆置完成表面的正確處理。\n【記憶點】混凝土表面「先搗實、再潤濕」；乾燥會裂、水太多會起砂，濕潤剛好最好。",662,1,true,[27,30,33,36,39,42],{"number":28,"session":7,"stem":29},44,"鋼骨建築結構銲接施工時，銲條須預熱烘乾之目的為何？",{"number":31,"session":7,"stem":32},45,"就現行法令而言，下列何種防火被覆工法無法滿足 3.6 m 樓高鋼構造建築，及其鋼梁 …",{"number":34,"session":7,"stem":35},46,"鋼骨以螺栓接合時，其螺栓群之鎖緊順序何者正確？",{"number":37,"session":7,"stem":38},48,"依據混凝土施工規範之規定，工地新澆置之一般混凝土養護至少須持續若干日？",{"number":40,"session":7,"stem":41},49,"下列何種玻璃因成品製成後不能再予切割，所以須訂製？①浮式及磨光平板玻璃 ②強化玻璃 …",{"number":43,"session":7,"stem":44},50,"有關電梯昇降設備，下列敘述何者錯誤？",[46,49,52,55,58],{"number":10,"session":47,"stem":48},"114180","關於鋼構造建築現場施工的品管和作業要求，下列敘述何者正確？",{"number":10,"session":50,"stem":51},"113190","關於混凝土的拌和、輸送、澆置和相關品管等，下列何者錯誤？",{"number":10,"session":53,"stem":54},"112190","木構造框組壁式工法之設計原則，下列何種做法較不恰當？",{"number":10,"session":56,"stem":57},"111180","挖設地下室牆體時需施作防水工程，下列何者不是常用地下室防水工程之作法？",{"number":10,"session":59,"stem":60},"110180","下列何者係屬於變質岩之天然裝修石材？",1791863212692]