[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":61},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-108180-arch_construction-44":3},{"question":4,"neighbors":26,"sameNumber":45,"prev":34,"next":37},{"id":5,"classKey":6,"session":7,"year":8,"subject":9,"number":10,"groupStem":11,"ownStem":12,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerKind":20,"answerS":11,"answerNote":11,"images":21,"explanation":22,"withheld":11,"deepChars":23,"freq":24,"indexable":25},"arch-108180-801-0103-044","architect","108180",108,"建築構造與施工",44,null,"建築物地下室防水工程之施作概念，何者最佳？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"於室內阻擋水流，使之不流入室內","於戶外導引水流，使之不影響使用位置","戶外阻擋及室內導引兩者兼施","使用雙層牆面",[19],"C","single",[],"本題考點：地下室防水的基本策略，分成「阻擋」與「導引」兩種手段，以及它們應設在迎水面（戶外側）還是背水面（室內側）。最佳概念是戶外側先阻擋、室內側再導引，兩者兼施。\n【正解理由】地下室外牆與底版長期處在地下水與土壤濕氣中，水會在靜水壓推動下由外往內滲。防水層做在戶外側（迎水面）時，水壓把防水層壓向結構體，使它貼得更緊，同時讓混凝土與鋼筋不直接泡水；但再完善的外防水也可能因施工接縫、沉陷裂縫或材料老化而局部失效，所以室內側要再準備一道導引系統，例如雙層牆之間的排水溝、集水坑與抽水設備，把仍然滲進來的水有組織地收集排出，不讓它影響使用空間。戶外阻擋負責「把大部分的水擋在外面」，室內導引負責「漏網之水有路可走」，兩者互補才是最穩當的施作概念。故選 C。\n【逐項排除】\n(A) 敘述錯誤。只在室內側阻擋屬於背水面防水，靜水壓會把防水層從結構體表面往室內推開，造成起鼓、剝離；而且水已經進入混凝土內部，鋼筋長期處在潮濕環境容易鏽蝕。室內側較適合擔任的是「導引」而不是主要的「阻擋」，完整做法應改為戶外側阻擋配合室內側導引。\n(B) 敘述錯誤。戶外導引（例如外牆外側的排水層、基地排水）可以降低外牆周邊的水量與水壓，但只處理了戶外側，又沒有設置阻擋層，水仍可能穿過結構體滲入；室內也沒有接收滲水的機制。正確概念是戶外側要有阻擋、室內側要有導引。\n(C) 敘述正確，是本題答案。戶外阻擋讓防水層處於受壓貼合的有利狀態並保護結構體，室內導引作為第二道防線處理局部滲漏，兩層分工各有對象。\n(D) 敘述錯誤。雙層牆是室內導引系統中的一種構造做法，它本身不阻擋水，而是讓滲過外牆的水在兩牆之間被收集排除；只講雙層牆，等於只有室內導引而沒有戶外阻擋，屬於手段的一部分，不是完整的施作概念。\n【記憶點】地下室防水「外擋內導」：迎水面阻擋、背水面導引，兩道防線缺一不可。",478,1,true,[27,30,33,36,39,42],{"number":28,"session":7,"stem":29},41,"有關各種塗裝缺陷之現象與原因，下列敘述何者錯誤？",{"number":31,"session":7,"stem":32},42,"混凝土澆置施工時，常需在現場進行取樣及試驗，其不包括下列何者？",{"number":34,"session":7,"stem":35},43,"建築物屋頂及外牆皆留有伸縮縫時，該如何處置？",{"number":37,"session":7,"stem":38},45,"下列何者不屬於弱電系統？",{"number":40,"session":7,"stem":41},46,"基礎開挖時對擋土結構體變形及傾斜之安全監測應採下列何種儀器為宜？",{"number":43,"session":7,"stem":44},47,"下列何種工法係不使用任何擋土設施及支撐，僅藉由土壤之剪力強度，使其自承土壓力而可垂直…",[46,49,52,55,58],{"number":10,"session":47,"stem":48},"114180","有關清水混凝土（architecture exposed concrete）之敘述，…",{"number":10,"session":50,"stem":51},"113190","張貼石材若以水泥砂漿為黏著材料，日後經雨水浸淋易產生游離石灰水滲出施工勾縫，乾燥後形…",{"number":10,"session":53,"stem":54},"112190","有關預力混凝土構材之澆灌，下列敘述何者錯誤？",{"number":10,"session":56,"stem":57},"111180","清水砌磚工法中勾縫之目的為何？①黏著 ②防水 ③美觀 ④抑制白華",{"number":10,"session":59,"stem":60},"110180","鋁門窗的性能，以 CNS 11526 門窗抗風壓性試驗法進行試驗。其抗風壓性能，允許…",1791863209830]