[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":61},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-108180-arch_construction-7":3},{"question":4,"neighbors":26,"sameNumber":45,"prev":34,"next":37},{"id":5,"classKey":6,"session":7,"year":8,"subject":9,"number":10,"groupStem":11,"ownStem":12,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerKind":20,"answerS":11,"answerNote":11,"images":21,"explanation":22,"withheld":11,"deepChars":23,"freq":24,"indexable":25},"arch-108180-801-0103-007","architect","108180",108,"建築構造與施工",7,null,"下列各種運用於混凝土構造之水泥砂漿防水劑，何者俗稱水玻璃？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"脂肪酸系水泥砂漿防水劑","矽酸鈉系水泥砂漿防水劑","EVA 乳膠系水泥砂漿防水劑","壓克力乳膠系水泥砂漿防水劑",[19],"B","single",[],"本題考點：水泥砂漿防水劑的種類與俗稱。防水劑依主成分可分為無機填孔系（如矽酸鈉）、有機撥水系（如脂肪酸及其金屬皂）與高分子乳膠系（如 EVA、壓克力），其中「水玻璃」是矽酸鈉水溶液的俗稱。\n【正解理由】水玻璃是矽酸鈉溶於水所成的黏稠透明液體，外觀像熔化的玻璃，因而得名。摻入水泥砂漿或塗刷於混凝土表面時，矽酸鈉會與水泥水化產生的氫氧化鈣反應，生成不溶於水的矽酸鈣類膠體，填塞砂漿內部的毛細孔隙而提高水密性；它同時具有促進凝結的作用，所以也常用於漏水處的止水急結。四個選項中，主成分為矽酸鈉的是矽酸鈉系水泥砂漿防水劑，故選 B。\n【逐項排除】\n(A) 不符合。脂肪酸系防水劑屬有機撥水型，原理是脂肪酸與水泥中的鈣結合成不溶於水的金屬皂，附著在毛細孔壁上，使孔壁具有撥水性，水就不易被毛細作用吸入。它靠「撥水」而不是「填孔」，主成分也不是矽酸鈉，所以不是俗稱的水玻璃。\n(B) 符合。矽酸鈉系防水劑的主成分就是矽酸鈉，也就是俗稱的水玻璃，屬無機填孔型防水劑，與題目所問一致。\n(C) 不符合。EVA 是乙烯與醋酸乙烯酯共聚合而成的高分子，EVA 乳膠系防水劑屬高分子乳膠改質砂漿：乳膠中的高分子粒子在砂漿乾燥過程中融合成連續薄膜，封閉孔隙並提高黏著力與柔韌性。依《結構混凝土施工規範》第 10.6 節，高分子粘結劑一般常用者有環氧樹脂及高分子乳膠，EVA 乳膠即屬這一類有機高分子材料，與無機的矽酸鈉成分不同，不是水玻璃。\n(D) 不符合。壓克力乳膠系同樣屬高分子乳膠，主成分為壓克力樹脂乳液，作用機制與(C)相近，以成膜封孔並改善黏結性與耐候性；《結構混凝土施工規範》第 10.6 節也把壓克力乳液型塗料列為表面塗料之一，可見它屬有機乳液材料，與俗稱水玻璃的矽酸鈉無關。\n【記憶點】水玻璃＝矽酸鈉：無機、填孔、會促凝；脂肪酸靠撥水，EVA 與壓克力靠乳膠成膜。",572,1,true,[27,30,33,36,39,42],{"number":28,"session":7,"stem":29},4,"在土壤試驗報告中常看到 N 值，N 值代表什麼意義？",{"number":31,"session":7,"stem":32},5,"有關防火門窗之規定，下列何者錯誤？",{"number":34,"session":7,"stem":35},6,"為提昇木構造建築之耐火性及延長防火時效，下列何者不是有效措施？",{"number":37,"session":7,"stem":38},8,"吸水率是石材選用時需考量的性質之一，下列何種石材具較高之吸水率？",{"number":40,"session":7,"stem":41},9,"有關紅磚牆體砌築施工之規定，下列敘述何者錯誤？",{"number":43,"session":7,"stem":44},10,"複層 Low-E 玻璃為近來極受建築師採用的建築材料，在臺灣為達到較佳的隔熱效果，其…",[46,49,52,55,58],{"number":10,"session":47,"stem":48},"114180","有關「高壓輸送混凝土」何者敘述錯誤？",{"number":10,"session":50,"stem":51},"113190","下列何種防火阻絕材料不適用於建築物樓地板間之間隙？",{"number":10,"session":53,"stem":54},"112190","依據營造安全衛生設施標準，於高度 2 公尺以上施工架上從事作業時，工作臺寬度應在 4…",{"number":10,"session":56,"stem":57},"111180","有關常時關閉式之防火門之規定，下列敘述何者錯誤？",{"number":10,"session":59,"stem":60},"110180","下列何者不是木構造防火設計？",1791863209556]