[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":61},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-108180-arch_structure-7":3},{"question":4,"neighbors":26,"sameNumber":45,"prev":34,"next":37},{"id":5,"classKey":6,"session":7,"year":8,"subject":9,"number":10,"groupStem":11,"ownStem":12,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerKind":20,"answerS":11,"answerNote":11,"images":21,"explanation":22,"withheld":11,"deepChars":23,"freq":24,"indexable":25},"arch-108180-801-0102-007","architect","108180",108,"建築結構",7,null,"一圓球薄殼屋頂結構，頂部因採光需求而部分挖空，試問自重作用下頂部與底部的環形圈梁主要受力分別為何？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"頂部為壓力環，底部為壓力環","頂部為壓力環，底部為張力環","頂部為張力環，底部為壓力環","頂部為張力環，底部為張力環",[19],"B","single",[],"本題考點：旋轉殼（圓球薄殼）在自重作用下的薄膜力傳遞，以及殼體頂部開口邊緣與底部殼緣兩道環梁的受力方向。\n【正解理由】把圓球薄殼沿經線切成許多細長的「拱條」來看：每條拱條在自重下沿殼面受壓，像拱一樣把力往下傳。在頂部，各拱條原本在圓頂中央互相頂住；挖出採光開口後，這個互相頂住的角色改由頂部環梁承擔，四周殼面的經線壓力在開口邊緣朝圓心方向推擠環梁，環梁沿圓周被壓縮，所以是壓力環。在底部，經線壓力沿殼面向下、向外傳到殼緣，這股力的水平分量把底部環梁向外撐開，環梁沿圓周被拉伸，所以是張力環。頂部壓力環、底部張力環，故選 B。\n【逐項排除】\n(A) 不符合。頂部為壓力環這一半正確，但底部環梁承接的是殼面經線壓力向外的水平推力，整圈被向外撐開而受拉；底部應為張力環，不是壓力環。\n(B) 符合。頂部環梁承接四周殼面指向圓心的推擠而受壓，底部環梁承受殼緣向外的水平推力而受拉，與殼體在自重下的薄膜力傳遞方向一致。\n(C) 不符合。上下兩端都講反了：頂部開口邊緣的推力指向圓心，使環梁受壓而非受拉；底部殼緣的推力指向外側，使環梁受拉而非受壓。正確組合是頂部壓力環、底部張力環。\n(D) 不符合。底部為張力環這一半正確，但頂部環梁被四周殼面向內推擠，受的是壓力；頂部應為壓力環，不是張力環。\n【記憶點】圓頂開天窗：上面的環「被擠」是壓力環，下面的環「被撐」是張力環。",541,1,true,[27,30,33,36,39,42],{"number":28,"session":7,"stem":29},4,"有關隔牆之敘述下列何者正確？",{"number":31,"session":7,"stem":32},5,"如圖所示為梁（OAB）與桁架（BCDE）之複合結構，OA、AB、BC、CD 及 CE…",{"number":34,"session":7,"stem":35},6,"圖中為一平面纜索系統的部分簡圖，其中 B 為支壓材，A、C 為連接纜索。A 索拉力為…",{"number":37,"session":7,"stem":38},8,"由三塊寬度 b=200 mm，厚度 t=22 mm 之鋼板組成 I 型鋼斷面，則該鋼…",{"number":40,"session":7,"stem":41},9,"承上題，試求該鋼斷面之斷面模數約為多少 mm3？",{"number":43,"session":7,"stem":44},10,"非公眾使用之建築物，若樓地板面積為 120 m2，單位面積之靜載重為 420 kg\u002F…",[46,49,52,55,58],{"number":10,"session":47,"stem":48},"114180","下列何種結構系統較不適用於超過 50 公尺之高層建築？",{"number":10,"session":50,"stem":51},"113190","在進行高層建築物結構設計時，下列敘述何者錯誤？",{"number":10,"session":53,"stem":54},"112190","關於高層建築物的設計與建築物在地震中的反應，下列敘述何者正確？",{"number":10,"session":56,"stem":57},"111180","下圖為一鋼結構的梁柱接頭所使用鋼材之拉力試驗結果，於 C 點發生材料斷裂，下列敘述何…",{"number":10,"session":59,"stem":60},"110180","關於「非結構牆」之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",1791863208273]