[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":61},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-110180-arch_construction-47":3},{"question":4,"neighbors":26,"sameNumber":45,"prev":34,"next":37},{"id":5,"classKey":6,"session":7,"year":8,"subject":9,"number":10,"groupStem":11,"ownStem":12,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerKind":20,"answerS":11,"answerNote":11,"images":21,"explanation":22,"withheld":11,"deepChars":23,"freq":24,"indexable":25},"arch-110180-801-0103-047","architect","110180",110,"建築構造與施工",47,null,"下列何者係屬於變質岩之天然裝修石材？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"花崗岩","安山岩","砂岩","大理石",[19],"D","single",[],"本題考點：岩石依成因分為火成岩、沉積岩、變質岩三大類，建築常用的天然石材要能對號入座；大理石是石灰岩經高溫高壓再結晶而成的變質岩。\n【正解理由】變質岩是既有岩石（火成岩、沉積岩或其他變質岩）在地殼深處受到高溫、高壓或熱液作用，礦物在固態下重新結晶、重新排列而形成的岩石，並沒有經過熔融成岩漿的過程。大理石由石灰岩或白雲岩中的方解石、白雲石再結晶而成，晶粒變粗、質地緻密，研磨拋光後呈現紋理與光澤，是室內地坪、牆面與檯面常用的裝修石材，屬於變質岩。四個選項中只有大理石符合題目所問。故選 D。\n【逐項排除】\n(A) 錯誤。花崗岩是岩漿在地殼深處緩慢冷卻結晶而成的深成岩，屬於火成岩；因為冷卻慢，礦物晶粒粗大，以石英、長石、雲母為主，質硬耐磨、耐候性佳，常用於外牆乾掛、地坪與台階。它的成因是岩漿冷凝，不是既有岩石的變質；若題目問的是火成岩中的深成岩，花崗岩才是代表。\n(B) 錯誤。安山岩是岩漿噴出地表或在接近地表處快速冷卻形成的火山岩（噴出岩），同樣屬於火成岩；因冷卻快，基質晶粒細小並常夾有斑晶。它與花崗岩的區分在冷卻位置與速度：深處慢冷為深成岩、地表快冷為火山岩，兩者都不是變質岩。\n(C) 錯誤。砂岩是砂粒經風化、搬運、沉積後壓密膠結而成的沉積岩，常見層理，孔隙較多、吸水性較高，表面質感粗樸。它屬於沉積岩而非變質岩；砂岩若再經變質作用，石英顆粒再結晶成為石英岩，那才屬於變質岩。\n(D) 正確。大理石由沉積岩中的石灰岩（主要礦物為方解石）經熱與壓力變質再結晶而成，屬於變質岩，且為建築常用的天然裝修石材，符合題目所問。\n【記憶點】花崗岩、安山岩是火成岩（深成、噴出），砂岩、石灰岩是沉積岩，大理石、石英岩、板岩、片麻岩是變質岩——「石灰岩變大理石、砂岩變石英岩、頁岩變板岩」。",712,1,true,[27,30,33,36,39,42],{"number":28,"session":7,"stem":29},44,"鋁門窗的性能，以 CNS 11526 門窗抗風壓性試驗法進行試驗。其抗風壓性能，允許…",{"number":31,"session":7,"stem":32},45,"木構造之防火設計原則，下列敘述何者最不適當？",{"number":34,"session":7,"stem":35},46,"下列何者不是「高性能節能玻璃綠建材」規範範圍？",{"number":37,"session":7,"stem":38},48,"營造工地偶遇拆除結構物遇到既有的油氣管，考量安全防護與災害擴大，其施工的順序以下列何…",{"number":40,"session":7,"stem":41},49,"下列鋼構造柱梁接合圖中，何者屬於剛接之接合方式？",{"number":43,"session":7,"stem":44},50,"鋼構件有防火需求時，常用的防火工法或材料不包含下列那種？",[46,49,52,55,58],{"number":10,"session":47,"stem":48},"114180","關於鋼構造建築現場施工的品管和作業要求，下列敘述何者正確？",{"number":10,"session":50,"stem":51},"113190","關於混凝土的拌和、輸送、澆置和相關品管等，下列何者錯誤？",{"number":10,"session":53,"stem":54},"112190","木構造框組壁式工法之設計原則，下列何種做法較不恰當？",{"number":10,"session":56,"stem":57},"111180","挖設地下室牆體時需施作防水工程，下列何者不是常用地下室防水工程之作法？",{"number":10,"session":59,"stem":60},"109180","有一全開挖（open cut）工地，開挖深度為 8 公尺（含地下二層及筏基）尚未回填…",1791863204386]