[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":61},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-114180-arch_construction-13":3},{"question":4,"neighbors":26,"sameNumber":45,"prev":34,"next":37},{"id":5,"classKey":6,"session":7,"year":8,"subject":9,"number":10,"groupStem":11,"ownStem":12,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerKind":20,"answerS":11,"answerNote":11,"images":21,"explanation":22,"withheld":11,"deepChars":23,"freq":24,"indexable":25},"arch-114180-801-0103-013","architect","114180",114,"建築構造與施工",13,null,"所謂具備耐震能力的結構用鋼材通常須具備下列特性，何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"降伏強度窄幅上下限","高衝擊韌性","低降伏比","低厚度方向斷面縮率",[19],"D","single",[],"本題考點：耐震用結構鋼材應具備的材料性質，包括降伏強度變異範圍、衝擊韌性、降伏比，以及板厚方向（Z 向）的斷面縮率。\n【正解理由】《建築技術規則建築構造編》第 240 條要求鋼結構的耐震設計應採用具有韌性之結構材料、結構系統及細部。耐震鋼材的目標，是讓構材在大地震時於預定位置降伏並發展大量塑性變形而不脆斷。厚板在梁翼板與柱翼板的銲接處，會承受沿板厚方向的拉力，厚度方向斷面縮率高，代表鋼板沿板厚方向受拉時仍能延展、不易發生層狀撕裂；斷面縮率低則表示板厚方向容易脆性分層開裂。所以耐震鋼材要求的是「高」厚度方向斷面縮率，(D) 寫成「低」是錯誤敘述。故選 D。\n【逐項排除】\n(A) 正確。耐震設計採容量設計觀念，預先安排梁端等部位先降伏形成塑性鉸，柱與接頭保持較強。若鋼材實際降伏強度遠高於規定值，預定降伏的梁反而比預期強，塑性鉸可能轉移到柱或接頭，破壞順序被打亂。限制降伏強度的上下限在窄幅內，才能讓降伏位置可預期。\n(B) 正確。衝擊韌性代表鋼材在衝擊載重或低溫下吸收能量、抵抗脆性斷裂的能力。地震力是快速反覆的載重，銲接接頭附近又有應力集中與銲接熱影響，衝擊韌性高才不會在發展塑性變形之前先發生脆斷。\n(C) 正確。降伏比是降伏強度與抗拉強度的比值。降伏比低，表示降伏之後到斷裂之前還有較大的應變硬化餘裕，塑性區可以沿構材擴展、分散變形，構材的變形能力（韌性）較好；降伏比過高時，降伏後很快就到達抗拉強度，塑性變形集中在小範圍而提早斷裂。\n(D) 錯誤。耐震鋼材要求的是高厚度方向斷面縮率，用以抵抗銲接接頭處板厚方向拉力造成的層狀撕裂；選項寫「低」方向相反，應改成「高厚度方向斷面縮率」才對。\n【記憶點】耐震鋼材四要件：降伏強度窄幅、衝擊韌性高、降伏比低、厚度方向斷面縮率高；高低方向別記反。",665,1,true,[27,30,33,36,39,42],{"number":28,"session":7,"stem":29},10,"在挑選木材作為主要結構材料時，下列敘述何者錯誤？",{"number":31,"session":7,"stem":32},11,"下列有關混凝土材料之敘述何項正確？",{"number":34,"session":7,"stem":35},12,"有關施工所使用之混凝土拌和用水，下列何項敘述錯誤？",{"number":37,"session":7,"stem":38},14,"關於地下開挖安全監測的設備儀器，下列敘述何者錯誤？",{"number":40,"session":7,"stem":41},15,"下列有關再生綠建材產品之 CO2 減量效果何者最佳？",{"number":43,"session":7,"stem":44},16,"關於建築物構造設計使用建材之溫室氣體排放量評估，下列敘述何者錯誤？名詞翻譯及定義：全…",[46,49,52,55,58],{"number":10,"session":47,"stem":48},"113190","一般於建築施工詳圖中，金屬材料如標示 6063-T5 通常是指下列何種材料？",{"number":10,"session":50,"stem":51},"112190","依據建築物無障礙設施設計規範，有關無障礙客房之空間規定，下列何者錯誤？",{"number":10,"session":53,"stem":54},"111180","常見運用在鋼材料防鏽的材料有那些？①熱浸鍍鋅 ②鋅粉漆 ③粉底烤漆 ④氟碳烤漆",{"number":10,"session":56,"stem":57},"110180","關於外牆磁磚的敘述，下列何者正確？",{"number":10,"session":59,"stem":60},"109180","有關各種紅磚規格之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",1791863196011]