[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":61},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-114180-arch_structure-31":3},{"question":4,"neighbors":26,"sameNumber":45,"prev":34,"next":37},{"id":5,"classKey":6,"session":7,"year":8,"subject":9,"number":10,"groupStem":11,"ownStem":12,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerKind":20,"answerS":11,"answerNote":11,"images":21,"explanation":22,"withheld":11,"deepChars":23,"freq":24,"indexable":25},"arch-114180-801-0102-031","architect","114180",114,"建築結構",31,null,"有關鋼筋混凝土結構設計概念，下列敘述何者較不適當？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"強梁弱柱","強剪弱彎","強壓弱拉","強節弱桿",[19],"A","single",[],"本題考點：鋼筋混凝土耐震韌性設計的四句口訣——強柱弱梁、強剪弱彎、強壓弱拉、強節弱桿，考生要能辨認哪一句被寫反。\n【正解理由】韌性設計的共同邏輯是「讓會延展的破壞先發生，讓脆性的破壞不發生」。《建築物混凝土結構設計規範》第 18.4.3.3 節說明強柱弱梁檢核的用意：連接至同一接頭的柱強度若小於梁，柱發生非彈性反應的機會增加，最嚴重時同一樓層所有柱的兩端都撓曲降伏，形成柱破壞機構而造成結構崩塌；接頭處若無法符合強柱弱梁的檢核，還必須忽略該柱對側向強度與勁度的正面貢獻。選項 (A)「強梁弱柱」正好把這個原則寫反，是四者中最不適當的設計概念，故選 A。\n【逐項排除】\n(A) 不適當。主從關係顛倒：正確的是「強柱弱梁」，讓塑性鉸出現在梁端、柱保持彈性以承擔重力載重；若梁強柱弱，降伏會集中在柱端，依《建築物混凝土結構設計規範》第 18.4.3.3 節所述可能形成柱破壞機構導致崩塌。\n(B) 適當。「強剪弱彎」是讓構材的剪力強度高於其發展彎矩強度時對應的剪力，使構材先以撓曲降伏、形成可轉動的塑性鉸；剪力破壞屬斜向開裂後突然失去承載力的脆性破壞，必須避免它先發生。\n(C) 適當。「強壓弱拉」指撓曲構材的受壓側（混凝土）能力要比受拉側（拉力鋼筋）強，使拉力鋼筋先降伏、構材出現明顯裂縫與撓度後才壓碎混凝土，屬有預警的延性破壞；反之混凝土先壓碎是無預警的脆性破壞。\n(D) 適當。「強節弱桿」指梁柱接頭（節點）的強度要高於與它相接的梁、柱桿件，讓塑性鉸發生在桿件端部，接頭本身不剪壞、主筋錨定不失效，力量才能持續在梁柱之間傳遞。\n【記憶點】四句口訣都是「強的保護弱的、弱的先延性降伏」：柱、剪、壓、節要強，梁、彎、拉、桿當保險絲；把順序倒過來的就是錯。",548,1,true,[27,30,33,36,39,42],{"number":28,"session":7,"stem":29},28,"如圖所示之剛構架，各桿件之 EI 值皆相同，於 B 點承受一集中載重 P 作用，下列…",{"number":31,"session":7,"stem":32},29,"依建築物混凝土結構設計規範，進行構材斷面強度設計時，混凝土最外受壓纖維之最大應變假設…",{"number":34,"session":7,"stem":35},30,"關於鋼筋混凝土柱，下列敘述何者正確？",{"number":37,"session":7,"stem":38},32,"耐震設計時為了確保鋼筋混凝土結構之韌性行為，下列敘述何者錯誤？",{"number":40,"session":7,"stem":41},33,"下圖為一偏心斜撐構架（Eccentrically Braced Frame）之示意圖…",{"number":43,"session":7,"stem":44},34,"下列何者鋼結構構材斷面彎矩強度可達塑性彎矩？①塑性設計斷面 ②細長肢材斷面 ③結實斷…",[46,49,52,55,58],{"number":10,"session":47,"stem":48},"113190","關於鋼筋混凝土結構之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"number":10,"session":50,"stem":51},"112190","如下圖所示的三鉸式剛構架，A、E 為鉸支承，C 為鉸接。此剛構架於 B 點承受 6 …",{"number":10,"session":53,"stem":54},"111180","下列何者有利於鋼筋混凝土梁受彎之韌性行為？",{"number":10,"session":56,"stem":57},"110180","原有一剛構架進行耐震補強，在兩側增設圖示之桿件，其中 A、D 為固端，B、C 為鉸接…",{"number":10,"session":59,"stem":60},"109180","如下圖之梁結構，兩側懸臂端在集中力 P 作用下，下列敘述何者正確？",1791863195588]